Cubestack

VAT Calculator

Free VAT calculator — add VAT to a net price or remove it from a gross price, with current UK, German, Irish and French rates or your own rate.

VAT rate

Gross price (incl. VAT)

£120.00

Net (excl. VAT)
£100.00
VAT at 20%
£20.00
Gross (incl. VAT)
£120.00

Working

£100.00 × 20% = £20.00 VAT; £100.00 + £20.00 = £120.00

Formulas: add VAT with VAT = net × rate and gross = net + VAT. Remove VAT with net = gross ÷ (1 + rate) and VAT = gross − net. Amounts are rounded to the nearest cent or penny, so the three figures always add up.

Rates last checked on 15 November 2026 against GOV.UK (UK: 20%, 5%, 0%), § 12 UStG (Germany: 19%, 7%), Revenue.ie (Ireland: 23%, 13.5%, 9% from 1 January 2026) and service-public.gouv.fr (mainland France: 20%, 10%, 5.5%; France also has a 2.1% rate for a few items, which you can enter as a custom rate). Which rate applies depends on the goods or service, and rates can change, so check the official guidance for your item.

This is a calculation aid, not tax advice.

What is the VAT Calculator?

VAT (value added tax) is a sales tax added to the price of most goods and services in the UK and across Europe. A net price is the price before VAT; a gross price includes it. This calculator moves between the two, and shows how much of the price is VAT.

Pick a country, choose whether to add or remove VAT, select a rate and enter the amount. The result shows the net amount, the VAT and the gross amount in pounds or euros, with the working. Choose Custom or Other to use any rate.

How to use it

  1. 1

    Pick a country

    Choose UK, Germany, Ireland, France or Other.

  2. 2

    Choose the direction

    Add VAT to a net amount, or remove VAT from a gross amount.

  3. 3

    Select the rate

    Tap the rate that applies, or choose Custom and type your own.

  4. 4

    Enter the amount

    Type the price and read the net, VAT and gross figures.

Features

  • Add or remove VAT

    Work forwards from a net price or backwards from a price that already includes VAT.

  • Country rates

    UK 20%, 5% and 0%; Germany 19% and 7%; Ireland 23%, 13.5% and 9%; France 20%, 10% and 5.5%.

  • Custom rate

    Enter any rate, for another country or a special rate.

  • Local number format

    Type amounts as 1,234.56 or, for Germany and France, 1.234,56; results are shown in the local style.

  • Figures that add up

    Amounts are rounded to the cent or penny so net plus VAT always equals gross.

Popular uses

  • Writing invoices

    Work out the VAT to charge on a net price and the total to bill.

  • Checking receipts

    Find out how much VAT you paid on a price that includes it.

  • Pricing products

    Turn a target shelf price into the net price you keep.

  • Cross-border sales

    Compare what a price comes to under UK, German, Irish or French rates.

Frequently asked questions

How do I add VAT to a price?

Multiply the net price by the VAT rate to get the VAT, then add it on. For example, £100 at 20% is £20 VAT, so the gross price is £120. A shortcut is net × 1.2 for 20%.

How do I remove VAT from a price?

Divide the gross price by 1 plus the rate. For example, €119 ÷ 1.19 = €100 net, so the VAT is €19. Taking 19% off €119 would give the wrong answer, because the VAT was worked out on the net price, not the gross.

What are the current VAT rates in the UK?

The standard rate is 20%, the reduced rate is 5% and some goods and services are zero-rated at 0%, according to GOV.UK. Some items are exempt or outside the scope of VAT altogether.

What is the VAT rate in Germany?

The general rate (Regelsteuersatz) is 19% and the reduced rate (ermäßigter Steuersatz) is 7%, set out in § 12 of the German VAT Act (UStG).

Which rate applies to my product?

It depends on the goods or service and the country. Check the official guidance, such as GOV.UK's list of VAT rates on different goods and services, before you invoice.

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